Palmoplantar keratosis (PPK) is a skin condition characterized by thickening of the skin on the palms and soles. It occurs due to excessive production of keratin, a protein that protects the skin. PPK can be hereditary or develop later in life due to various causes.
Symptoms
• Thickened, hard skin on the palms and/or soles
• Dry, scaly, or cracked skin
• Callus formation, sometimes with painful fissures
• Sensitivity or pain when walking or gripping
• In some cases, redness and inflammation around the thickened skin
Cause
• Genetic factors: Some forms of PPK are inherited and run in families.
• Acquired causes: PPK can develop due to prolonged pressure or friction, such as excessive walking, using tools, or wearing poorly fitting shoes.
• Skin conditions: Psoriasis and eczema can lead to excessive callus formation on the palms and soles.
• Systemic diseases: Certain metabolic or autoimmune diseases can cause PPK.
• Infections: Fungal or bacterial infections may contribute to skin thickening.
Diagnosis
• The doctor diagnoses PPK based on the visible characteristics of the skin.
• A skin biopsy may be performed to rule out other conditions.
• Blood tests can be conducted if an underlying disease is suspected.
Treatment
• Moisturizing creams: Use of urea or salicylic acid creams to soften the thickened skin.
• Callus removal: A doctor or podiatrist can remove excess callus to relieve pain and discomfort.
• Medication: In severe cases, retinoids may be prescribed to regulate skin growth.
• Treatment of underlying conditions: If PPK is caused by an illness or infection, treating that condition is necessary.
Self-care tips
• Moisturize daily with a rich cream or lotion containing urea or lactic acid.
• Avoid prolonged pressure and friction by wearing comfortable shoes and gloves.
• Use mild soaps to prevent skin dryness.
• Soak hands and feet regularly in warm water with bath oil to keep the skin soft.
• Avoid extreme temperatures as heat and cold can worsen symptoms.
PPK is a chronic condition that may not completely disappear, but with proper care, symptoms can be significantly reduced.